牛津七年级下册英语第一单元语法整理

牛津七年级下册英语第一单元语法整理
牛津七年级下册英语第一单元语法整理

牛津七年级下册英语第一单元语法整理
语法还是知识点?我帮你找了下列资料,不知道是不是你需要的?
短语学习：
1. be superior to 比.优越,比.好,超过.
This western restaurant is superior to the one we went to last week.
这家西餐馆比我们上星期去的那一家好.
He is ~ to me in position. （级别,职位,重要性上）更高
能与to 连用,但不能与than连用的词有：
major(优秀的,高级的);inferior(下等的,下级的)
senior(年长的,地位高的);junior(年少的,后进的)
2. spring up迅速出现；兴起 A doubt sprang up in her mind.
3. a variety of 各种各样的
Coral is not a plant but a variety of animal life of different shapes and bright colors.
珊瑚不是植物,而是各种不同形状和色彩斑斓的生物的变体.
There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.有种类繁多的图案可供选择.
This tool can be used in a variety of ways.这一工具有多种用途.
various adj. 各种各样的
Tents come in various shapes and sizes. 帐篷有各种各样的形状和大小.
4. Come onto the market 上市,在市场上出售
This house only came onto the market yesterday .这所房子是昨天才投放到市场出售的
5.in that case在那种情况下
You don’t like your job? In that case, why don’t you leave?
你不喜欢这份工作?那你怎么不辞掉呢?
She was late, in that case, I can’t wait for her.她迟到了,在那种情况下,我不能等了.
6.stand for代表；象征；容忍
What does “UN” stand for?UN代表的是什么?
I condemn fascism and all it stands for.我谴责法西斯主义及其代表的一切.
I can’t stand (for) this insolence. 我决不容忍这种傲慢无礼的行为.
7. capable adj. 有能力的；有才能的 be capable of 能够
Show your teacher what you are capable of. 向你的老师表现出你的才能.
This is a robot capable of understanding spoken commands.
这是一个能听懂口头指令的机器人.
The machine is capable of improvement.这台机器是可以改进的.
8.up to date 最近的
It was a modern factory—everything was really up to date.
这是一个现代化的工厂——一切都是最新式的.
We are keeping up to date with the latest developments. 我们保持掌握最新的发展.
out of date(out-of-date作定语形容词)过时的
9. (sb.)be familiar with sth.熟悉……
(sth.)be familiar to sb.为某人所熟悉
10. wind ( wound wound )vt.上发条;缠;绕
wind up 给……上发条;使某人高度兴奋；把（汽车窗玻璃等摇上）
wind down (钟表)慢下来,停住; (人)松弛下来
1） He forgot to wind [waind] (up) his watch.
2） Are all the windows wound up?
介词
介词的分类：
1． 表示时间的介词：at, in, on, before, to, from, by, till, until, after, for, since 等.
2． 表示地点,位置,方向的介词：next, to, in, in front of, on , out of, at, above, over, into, near, between, under, up, across, by, down, from, around, behind, beside等
3． 表示原因,理由的介词：for, as, at, from 等
4． 表示方式的介词：on, in, by, with 等.
常用介词辨析
1． 表示时间的in, on, at, after
1) in 的用法.
用于早晨、下午、傍晚.In the morning/afternoon/evening
用于月、年、季节等.In March, in 1986, in spring
用于一段时间后.In a week, in a year’s time, in two hours
2) on 的用法
用于具体某一天.On my birthday, on the morning of next Friday, on June 6, on Sunday, on New Year’s ay
用于描述性的时间.On a cold night, on a winter day
3) at 的用法
用于具体的钟点.At 12 o’clock, at half nine
用于固定的搭配.At lunch, at night, at breakfast, at noon, at Christmas, at weekends, at that time
4) after 表示在一点时间以后.After twelve o’clock
2. 表示的地点的 in, on , at
in指大地方,at是小地点, in表示的是体,on表示的是面,at表示的是点.
They will arrive in Shanghai.他们将到上海.
They will arrive at the school.他们将到学校.
They live on the ninth floor.他们住在九楼.
I will meet you at the bus stop.我在车站接你.
in可指内部, on可指“在…之上”
There are six windows in the wall.墙上有6 扇窗子.
There are five pictures on the wall.墙上贴着5 幅画.
3. 表示方位的on, over, under, above, below.
1）on , over, above指上方；under, below指下方；on指物体接触.
2）over指正上方、above指斜上方、under指正下方、below指斜下方.
There will be two bridges over the river.河上将有两座桥.
The ball is under the desk.桌子下有一只球.
4. between, among
Between指两者之间, among指三者或三者以上.
There will be a match between Tom and me. 汤姆和我之间将要有一场比赛.
The teacher is standing among the students. 老师正站在学生们中间.
但有时在数量不多的个体之间进行选择,可用Between.
You can choose between the books on the table.你可以在桌子的书中进行选择.
5. across , over, through
Across表示从这一边到另一边的横过, over表示从空间通过, through则表示从内部空间穿过.
Can you swim across the lake? 你能游泳过湖吗?
You must go through the forest at once. 你必须马上穿过树林.
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥.
6. 表示方式、方法、手段的常用介词by, in, with, through
★ by 表示“用（方法、手段、途径等）”或意为“乘坐（交通工具） ”,后接的名词前面通常不用冠词.
★ in 表示“用（方式、材料、途径、语言）”.
★ with 表示“带着,伴随”,后接具体的工具,手段、材料或其他行为方式.
Mr. Green usually goes to work ___car.
He wrote many letters ___English.
He told me to write _____a pen.
You can master English ________more practice.
7. 表示“除…… 之外”的介词
through 表示“以(方法、手段) ”“经由”.
besides 表示包含, 除 --- 之外还有---
except 表示排除, 除 ---- 之外
but 表示排除, 多与nobody, none, no one, nothing, anything, everyone, all, who 等连用.
except for 表示除去整体中的部分, “只是, 只不过”
__________ basketball, I like playing Pingpang.
You have no choice ________work hard.
Li Long is a good student ______________his laziness.
＊He usually goes to work on time _____.
A. except for raining days B. besides it rains
C. but that it rains D. except on rainy days
8. 看似相同,但意义有别的词组.
At school 在上学 At the school 在学校
In front of 在…前边（外部） In the front of 在…前部（内部）
In class 在课上 In the class 在这个班
In bed 在睡觉 In the bed 在床上
In hospital 住院 In the hospital 在医院里
Go to school 去上学 Go to the school 去学校
（1）.名词+介词：
1. approval of 批准 2. awareness of 意识到
3. grasp of 把握住 4. hatred of 憎恶
5. desire for 要求、愿望 6. fondness for 爱好 (I've a fondness for collecting stamps.)
7. hope for 希望、期待 (hope for the best 乐观)
8. need for 必要 (There is no need for hurrying.)
9. reason for 有必须……的理由 (have reason for...)
10. respect for 尊敬 (have respect for...) 11. belief in 信任于
12. interest in 对……有兴趣 13. success in 成功、成就
(2).形容词 + 介词：
1. afraid of (He is not afraid of anything.)
2. aware of 觉得
3. capable of 能 (The tank is capable of holding 8 kg. of water.)
4. fond of 喜爱 (He's fond of fishing.)
5. jealous of 嫉妒于
6. made of 用……制成的
7. proud of 对……感觉光荣 (I'm proud of his acquaintance. 认识他是我的光荣.)
8. sure of 确信 (You may be sure of his honesty.)
9. tired of 厌倦的
10. careless about 不关心、不重视
11. worried about 自找烦恼
12. familiar with 熟悉于、精通于
13. interested in 兴趣于
14. sorry for 懊悔、觉得过意不去 (You will be sorry for this some day.)
(3).动词 + 介词：(这类组合特别多.要特别注意同一个动词配上不同的介词,意思就不同了)
1. care about 关心 (He doesn't care about other people. 他不关心别人.)
2. care for 喜欢 (Would you care for a cup of coffee? 你喜欢来杯咖啡吗?)
3. take care of 照顾 (Take care of yourseft. 照顾自己喔.)
4. dream about 梦到 (I dreamt about you last night. 昨晚我梦到你.)
5. dream of 梦想 (I often dream of being rich. 我时常梦想发达了.)
6. hear about 听到关于……的详情 (Have you hear about Jane? )
7. hear of 听到……的事/话 (Have you heard of a place called 'Mulu'?)
8. hear from 得到……的消息 (Have you heard from Ann recently?)
9. look at 注视、考察(Why you look at me like that?)
10. look for 找、指望 (Can you help me look for my keys?)
11. look after 照应、看守 (She is ill, she needs someone to look after her.)
12. think about 思索、考虑 (What are you thinking about?)
13. think of 想起、企图 (He told me his name but I can't think of it now.)
展示导思（25分钟）
1. weigh vt. 称……的重量；权衡；考虑vi. 重量为……
He weighed himself on the bathroom scales.他用浴室磅秤量体重.
She weighed the stone in her hand.他用手掂了掂那块石头的重量.
I weighed the benefits of the plan against the risks involved.
我认真考虑了这个计划的优点及其风险.
weigh sb. down 使烦恼；使焦虑
weight n. 重量 put on weight 增加体重 lose weight 减肥
take the weight off one’s feet 坐下来歇会儿
2.measure vt.& vi. 测量；度量；判断；评估 n. 措施；方法
It’s hard to measure his ability when we haven’t seen his work.
没见过他的作品,很难估计他的能力.
1)measure指测量某物的长宽高等或估计某人的能力.也可用作名词,意思是“措施”,take measures to do 采取措施做…….如：
Measures should be taken to stop pollution.该采取措施制止污染了.
2)固定搭配:in great measure 很大程度上
3)固定搭配be measured in/by “用……计算”.如：
In England distance is measured by miles while in China by kilometers.
在英国距离按英里计算,在中国却按千米计算.
3..suitable adj.合适的；适宜的
suitable for sb./sth.适合某人/某物 suitable to do sth.适合做某事
Is this a suitable time to have a word with you?我想和你说句话,你现在方便吗?
This programme is not suitable for children.这个节目儿童不宜.
(1)suit v. 适合；适宜；满足需要n. 一套衣服
Choose a computer to suit your particular needs.选一台适合你自个儿需要的电脑.
If you want to go by bus, that suits me fine.要是你想坐公共汽车走,那对我也合适.
(2)suit, fit与match.
suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位.
Does the time suit you?这个时间对你合适吗?
match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配.
The People’s Great Hall and the Historical Museum match the Tian An Men beautifully.
人民大会堂和历史博物馆与天安门陪衬的极为美丽.
fit多指大小合适,引申为“吻合”.
The new coat fits me well.这件新衣服我穿着大小合适.
2)用suit,fit与match填空
(1)Try the new key and see if it __________. (2)No dish __________ all tastes.
(3)This hot weather doesn’t __________ me.
(4)The doors were painted blue to __________ the walls.
(5)I tried the dress on and it didn’t __________.
(6)None of these glasses __________.
4. guarantee v. 担保；保障；保证n. 保证；担保；保修单
guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事 guarantee+that 从句
be under guarantee(n.)在保修期内
He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again.
他向我保证这种事情决不会再发生.
We provide a 5-year guarantee against rust.我们保证,产品5年不生锈.
We can’t guarantee that our flights will never be delayed.?
我们不能保证我们所有的航班均不误点.
We guarantee to deliver your goods within a week.我们保证一周内交货.
be guaranteed to do sth.必定会……
That kind of behaviour is guaranteed to make him angry.那样的行为肯定会让他生气.5. advancement n. 促进；增加；进步；提高
The development of education can contribute to the advancement of science.
教育的发展能促进科学的进步.
Science has made great advancements during the last twenty years.
近20年来科学有了很大的发展.
advance v. 前进 in advance 预先
You should let me know a week in advance.你应该提前一周让我知道.
advanced adj.先进的；高级的
There are only three of us on the advanced course.只有我们三人学高级课程.
He was a man of advanced years. 他是位年事已高的人.
on advanced worker 一位先进工作者 advanced technology 先进的技术
6.necessarily adv. 必然的
The number of places available is necessarily limited.
可用场所的数量不可避免地很有限.
Biggest doesn’t necessarily mean best.最大的不一定是最好的.
necessary adj. 必要的n. 必需品
It may be necessary to buy a new one.也许有必要买个新的了.
not necessarily 未必；不一定
necessity n. 生命中必不可少的物品
Is there any necessity for another election?有没有必要再选一次?
Food and clothing are necessities of life.食物与衣服均为生活必需品.
7.expose vt. 使暴露；使显露；使曝光；使处于……作用
Don’t leave medicine exposed to strong light.不要让药品暴露在强烈的阳光之下.
expose常与介词to连用: expose...to...使……受到;使……接触……
He did not want to expose his fears and insecurity to anyone.
他不想对任何人显露他的恐惧与不安.
We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible.
我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶.
exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的
8.parallel n.平行线；比较；相似处 adj. 平行的；类似的
They are parallel lines.他们是平行线.
My feeling in this matter are parallel to yours.我对这件事的感觉和你差不多.
in parallel with 同时
The rise in unemployment is usually in parallel with an increase in crime.
在失业率上升的同时,犯罪也会增长.
parallel bars 双杠
9.associate vt. 把……和……联系起来vi. 和……来往；和……共事
I always associate the smell of baking with my childhood.
一闻到烘烤食物的味道,我就想起了童年.
He is closely associated in the public mind with horror movies.
在公众的心目中,他总是和恐怖电影联系在一起.
I don’t like you associating with those people.我不喜欢你和那些人混在一起.
I don’t wish to associate myself with what has been said.我可不想把自己跟传言牵涉在一起.
associate with... 和……有联系
association n.协会；社团；交往；关联associated adj. 相关的；有关联的
His English benefited through his long association with British children.
由于他长期与英国儿童接触,使他的英语得以长进.
10.for the time being 目前；暂时
You can leave your suitcases here for the time being.你可以暂时把衣箱放在这儿.
I’ll stay with you for the time being.我暂时和你住在一起.

哪里的英语啊、